hughfarey wrote:
The minimum number of an ancestral group of organisms is related to their genetic diversity. Although Mitochondrial Eve was the source of all modern mtDNA, she and a single partner could not have encompassed the entire gene pool of the human species, which is why it is generally thought that she was not alone. I have seen figures of 6000 - 10000, which is a small enough band of protohumans, although there is some suggestion that all non-African people may have descended from as few as six individuals.
hughfarey, I like to post research to support the assertions I make. I have read the above claims as well. You need to post some evidence. The problem is none of the claims, about mt Eve or Chromosomal Adam not being the first of their kind, is backed up with credible data. The data derived from research into the genome says, that every single living person alive today is a descendant of mt Eve & Ch Adam. Do you understand the difference between what the data says and the added throw in that seeks to align the data with what Evolutionists believe was the case at the time. Data and evidence has more weight than opinion which has no scientific weight at all without evidence to back it up.
Here is a snip to demonstrate the difference between data (result of the research or observation) and conjecture (an opinion not backed by any evidence).. I have added parenthesis to make highlight what was data and what was conjecture IOW opinion.
"
By tracing the subtle mutations to mitochondrial DNA that have accumulated over the millennia, we can figure out which groups are most closely related, and ultimately fix the existence of Mitochondrial Eve to a fairly specific time in the past, which is currently estimated at about 200,000 years ago. (DATA) That pretty much rules out the idea of multiple origins for humanity — otherwise Mitochondrial Eve would have to date back a couple million years, and mitochondrial analysis shows that that simply isn't the case.
(CONJECTURE) It's worth noting that Mitochondrial Eve would not have been exceptional during her own life. She certainly wasn't the only woman alive at the time, merely the only one who can trace descent to everyone alive right now. All the other women alive at the same time as her either left no living descendants or are only related to some smaller subset of the people alive today."
http://io9.gizmodo.com/5878996/how-mito ...
The above article also mentions the point in my previous post about the fossil evidence meant to support the out of Aftica theory is at odds with the genetic data. The article goes to great length telling how Eve was not alone, but does not provide anymore than here say.
I also posted research to support that Adam and Eve can be dated to the same time.
I
've never really followed the "deleterious mutation" argument. It is not clear to me what it means. Does it mean that individuals with these deleterious mutations are less able to breed - which is, after all one of the criteria for successful evolution? If so, then it is very clear that however many deleterious mutations there are, there are plenty of successful ones - after all we're all still here! Hunting for primary sources, I have come across a website new to me with some very interesting examples of recent beneficial mutations to humans in particular, although sadly I haven't verified them yet. Have a look at
http://darwinwasright.homestead.com/8thffoc.html.
That link is some guy or girl giving their opinion, not data or research. I posted a published paper to support my claims.
Here is more on deleterious (harmful) mutations. You may remember that one of the articles I posted a link to stated that there were 100 deleterious mutations for every duplication.
Deleterious mutations are predicted to disrupt gene function and to reduce organismal fitness. A surprising result from various genome sequencing studies of healthy humans is the high prevalence of deleterious mutations, including mutations that occur in a homozygous state.
http://www.nature.com/nrg/journal/v15/n ...
When you say that "It would appear impossible for deleterious mutations to have continued for millions of years, let alone billions", I have to say that it certainly doesn't appear so to me. It is a comment similar to "the ability to adapt is limited. In other words, numerous studies demonstrate by using observation (the best form of research) that there are limits to an organisms ability to adapt." This is another of your 'failures', which I don't think are failures at all. Most creationists accept evolutionary speciation, and the difference between, say, a dog and a hyaena is easily accounted for by sufficient evolution to result in successive speciations.
When I say "It would appear impossible for deleterious (harmful) mutations to have continued for millions of years, let alone billions", I actually back it up with published research. Your opinion is noted, but it would be best if you backed it up with research. By using more than opinion we may be able to see which view the weight of the evidence actually supports, ie creation or evolution. Don't you agree?
I said in my post that creationists acknowledge adaptation, but it is limited. I posted 2 published articles that spoke to negative epistasis.
Epistasis is the phenomenon of the effect of one gene (locus) being dependent on the presence of one or more 'modifier genes', the genetic background.When two mutations together lead to a less fit phenotype than expected from their effects when alone, it is called negative epistasis. (Epistasis: Wiki)
It is often claimed that because a dog hasn't turned into a fish in front of our eyes, that macroevolution must be constrained, but I believe that the only constraint is time - just give us a million years, and appropriate environmental conditions! (although it seems to have taken at least 10 million years to turn a hippo into a whale).
It is a shame that evolutionists have not observed change above species level. Researchers have never ever even observed a germ line mutation, only somatic ones. This may also be a myth. As previously posted, evolutionists couldn't even get one 'advantageous allele to fix in a population of drosophila (fruit fly).
So you asked me to present evidence that better supports creation than evolution. I chose to provide evidence that there are limits to adaptation.
I have presented data that supports all humans alive today being related to one female and one male, both dated to the about the same time, IOW modern mankind adapted from another human being, not an ape. I have presented data to support that deleterious mutations have been accumulating in mankind at a rate of 100 per duplication. I have presented published data to support that even 'beneficial' mutations act together to bring about a drop in fitness.
I have posted data about the myth of 1% highlighting that human chimp dna comparisons are bogus and biased. Therefore there is no genomic data to suggest that mankind evolved/adapted from an ape. To support this further I will post a published article that speaks to the incredible differences in the human and chimp dna. I have posted an article by John Hawkes that speaks to it simpler language.
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v4 ...
http://johnhawks.net/weblog/reviews/chi ... -
All the data, observed or calculated, supports limits to adaptation. The studies I posted found that that there is cost to becoming more fit, IOW adaption has its limits. The more mutations the bacteria accrued the bacteria hit limits to the amount they could adapt or evolve. Additionally, mankind being related to one man and one woman not being an ape than adapted/evolved, all of which supports God having created mankind fully functional and deteriorating likely as a result of the fall.
Now can you please post what you think is evidence that better supports evolution than creation?