To get back on topic:
It is important to note the fellow Christians can disagree on the varied tenets of Annihilationism either for or against it because both camps are brothers and sisters in Christ. We can respect that about each other. Like Jac, I do not find the biblical text supporting annihilationism. What I do find is that annihilationist doctrine supports human emotional need to come to terms with a subject such as eternal punishment i.e. recompense and that is okay with me. I do not find fault with that at all, so be blessed, and bring many to the Lord. Amen
When discussing this topic, I like to help people come into some understanding as to why God remains true to himself, keeping his word, taking no gift, calling back, and will not deny who he is. God reveals who he is within the scripture by revealing attributes of his character and nature. For God to annihilate into a non-being state would go against who and what he is: God true to himself in all areas.
When the bible shows that the dead exist in a spiritual state in the Old Testament in either, a place of payback or paradise for the righteous, that means there is no such thing as soul sleep and all places where sleep and grave are used have other meanings due to the fact that ancient Hebrew language had only about 8000 word compared to modern English’s approx 500,000.
Biblical Hebrew had a remarkably small number of words – 8,000 at most, with 1,700 used only once as compared to modern English which has over 450,000. As a basis of comparison, French, Spanish and Arabic each have about 175,000 words. Today Modern Hebrew, which uses virtually the same alphabet as the Jews of 2,000 years ago, has about 100,000 words.
http://www.itsgila.com/tipsbibheb.htm
Therefore, within these limitations of language expression, in old Hebrew, death, grave, sleep all have varied shades of meaning and are not limited to only mean this or that in a strict one size fits all mechanical nature. It takes continuity with other portions of the bible, immediate context, idiom, culture, word picture, Hebrew root, and grammar to help grasp what the OT writers mean by these words concerning death, sleep, and grave due the limited words used to express a wide array of varied meanings of a word denoting something.
So in response to the use of Eccl 9 to support annihilationism let me post a revised old post I posted several years ago that illustrate the use of the limited ancient Hebrew language:
Eccl 9:1-6 a brief Bible study verse by verse
Ecclesiastes 9:3,
This is an evil in all that is done under the sun that the same event happens to all. Also, the hearts of the children of man are full of evil, and madness is in their hearts while they live, and after that they go to the dead. ESV
Notice the phrase —
they go to the Dead. Now look at Ezekiel 26:20 and then note what happened in Numbers 16:32-33. The principles are clear — when one dies they do go somewhere other than the physical grave where their mortal body resides. In fact, Proverbs 9:18 also hints at this too and Proverbs 7:27 gives more clues. Ezekiel 31:17, 18 describe the principle that a multitude inhabits the realm of the dead together and are gathered there.
Ezekiel 32:18, 22, 23 - describes this part of this realm as being a round pit. Embedded within the walls are literally chamber sepulchers. Notice that ALL those that share a common offense were placed individually inside these cells but are all together in the same location in this round pit also known as sheol / hell. The folks there are not sleeping but able to speak which. This pit, is what we would call the current hell as mentioned in Job 26:5,6 and the principle in Isaiah 24:22.
These folks are gathered and reside there as Proverbs 9:18 reveals:
But he knoweth not that the shades are there; that her guests are in the depths of the nether-world. JPS
Ezekiel 32 also brings about this principle of gathering and they are not sleeping either just as Ezekiel 32:21 states: someone will be speaking to those that reside there and in Ezekiel 32:31 it mentions one named Pharaoh who sees as well as can feel. A soul sleeper cannot see not feel. Seeing and feeling as well as hearing denote cognizance. This is also in line with what Job 26:5, 6 brings about how the shades (the Dead) tremble. Again note that Proverbs 7:27 described the dead residing in chambers - cheder (2315 strongs) which word meaning indicates various types of rooms, spaces, enclosures per context it is used in the bible just as Ezekiel tells of.
Therefore the place of the dead is a place where the departed leave their physical bodies behind to rot in the dirt while their shade / spiritual being is gathered with others of like mind in a holding area — a prison just as Isaiah 24:22 reveals.
So a biblical principle is established: When one dies their spirit / shade part lives on and is gathered with others of like mind and placed in cells or rooms. They are still alive and cognizant and not asleep.
Verse Five
Ecclesiastes 9:5,
For the living know that they will die, but the dead know nothing, and they have no more reward, for the memory of them is forgotten.
This is the scripture most often quoted to support soul sleep and Annihilationism - the dead know nothing - is taken to mean folks must cease to exist in order to 'know nothing.' However, the context flows to verse six:
Their love and their hate and their envy have already perished, and forever they have no more share in all that is done under the sun. Ecclesiastes 9:6, ESV
This paints a word picture in this regard: those who die have no more share in the land of mortals and are cut of from mortal life, separated from it, and have no more share in it. Instead they found a place where the wicked have no rest, a place where the dead lion devours, where they are banished from God and hope forever. Where they are held in punishment awaiting the resurrection of the dead which raises the existing spiritual body of a person to his/her final domain along with their revived body.
Look again at Ecclesiastes 9:6 as it explains what is forgotten and why no memory on earth will remain of such persons mentioned as they have no more share in anything done under the sun — in other words they do not come back to this planet — this current mortal life under this sun meaning they no nothing about what goes on in mortal life anymore. The departed are forgotten by those living years, centuries, eons later on this current earth.
I do not want to sound rude but go to a graveyard and read these verses out loud and you may get a better understanding of what the Hebrew word picture portrayed and note which graves have the most flowers compared with those that do not. How many people lived in ancient times or even 200 years ago? Are not their thoughts and dreams forgotten? No memory of them remains. Unless there were famous and even then, time moves on and their history will fade too. A rather hopeless and somber picture painted by the writer concerning all our works done under the sun without the Lord.
Please note that the doctrine of the Resurrection of the dead involves the natural body dying and the spiritual waiting to be raised either to glorification to live with God forever without sin or everlasting contempt — recompense in the lake of fire. The Resurrection of the dead, you could say, seals the deal. 1 Corinthians 15:42-58
Many mistakenly confuse the event of physical death and its immediate judgment with the resurrection of the dead and the final sentencing of judgment. Doing so, they mistakenly combine the two events into some kind of sleep state nonsense and or even the varied themes of annihilationism.
The bible uses images that people can relate too. For example, the dead look asleep. To awake means arise from slumber. When you slumber, are you dead or still alive? Do you dream? How the bible describes when one goes to sleep with their ancestors, or the sleep of death, simply means they have passed on and now reside elsewhere with others who have passed on i.e. gather where the shades reside. The idea here of the sleep of death as a sleep to the things of mortal life and an awakening in either hell or paradise. Jesus speaks of this concept in Luke 16:16-31. Therefore to sleep with ones Fathers meant awakening in paradise for the righteous and the Pit for the unrighteous. Jesus's words alludes to this in Luke 23:43 speaking to the thief while on the cross.
The idiom of sleep often used in ancient Hebrew of sleep when referring to death meant, never awakening in this current mortal life but rather after death awakening from the sleep of mortal life into the realm of the shades. This Life is but a dream...the poets say. Also, the word used for grave is used like sleep, either a physical grave in the dust or the holding centers I mentioned above.
To sum up:
The dead will never know this current mortal life again — they will awake first to judgment and wait for the final sentencing, 2nd death. Immediately after death they experience in the prison, pit, Sheol, grave, Hades living out their own living nightmares reaping what they have sown until the final sentencing takes them to a new living reality forever in the lake of fire. Is the lake of fire literal fire or is it a metaphor. I suggest it is a metaphor to describe a living state reaping what one has sown - burning in their passions, etc and etc.
Hebrews 9:27 then it states:
And just as it is appointed for man to die once, and after that comes judgment ESV -- Notice It does not say — soul sleep but judgment. To be judge requires cognizance — not slumber and the experience of that judgment as well,
Immediately after death comes what? The word 'Judgment' translated here means trial, separation process, selection process; a verdict arrived at, a sentence commuted. One can correlate that the prison, pit, Sheol described in the bible is liken to a holding center, or intake area, where inmates are temporarily housed till final sentence is decreed and then they go serve their sentence elsewhere.
After all, '
there is no rest/peace for the wicked!' Isa 48:22, Isa 57:21
And just as it is appointed for man to die once, and after that comes judgment!' This is a true statement: the Lord knows how to rescue the godly from trials, and to keep the unrighteous under punishment until the day of judgment - 2 Peter 2:9
Now onto John 5 and few points
Look at John 5:24-29: “
Truly, truly, I say to you, whoever hears my word and believes him who sent me has eternal life. He does not come into judgment, but has passed from death to life. 25 "Truly, truly, I say to you, an hour is coming, and is now here, when the dead will hear the voice of the Son of God, and those who hear will live. 26 For as the Father has life in himself, so he has granted the Son also to have life in himself. 27 And he has given him authority to execute judgment, because he is the Son of Man. 28 Do not marvel at this, for an hour is coming when all who are in the tombs will hear his voice 29 and come out, those who have done good to the resurrection of life, and those who have done evil to the resurrection of judgment.” ESV
Notice that Jesus said the hour is now here when the dead will hear. How can they hear if they can't due to being in a state of non-existent bliss of soul sleep indicted by knowing nothing as Eccl 9 is taught to support it and annihilationism? Think about it...
Check Ecclesiastes 9:4 again and see how it begins to make more sense placed where it is in that text and in the light of John 5:24-29. 2 Timothy 3:16
2 Samuel 14:14
Let's look at the principle that the wise woman spoke in 2 Samuel 14:2. Her words have more prophetic depth to them than I think she may have realized but again - she was wise! In a few words she describes the basic tenants of scripture tied to solid principles found from Genesis thru Revelations.
2 Samuel 14:14,
For we will surely die and are like water spilled on the ground which cannot be gathered up again. Yet God does not take away life, but plans ways so that the banished one will not be cast out from him NASB
Let me break it apart for you in brief:
2 Samuel 14:14, "For we will surely die and are like water spilled on the ground which cannot be gathered up again" NASB
Genesis 2:17 is brought out here and confirmed in Romans 5:12. Water spilled on ground signifies what the writer of Ecclesiastes laments — life is short - vanity and grasping for the wind — Ecclesiastes 8:10, 11, 12, 13 — Judgment awaits.- Ecclesiastes 8:7, 8 and Ecclesiastes 12:14 - The one who made known what happens after one dies was Jesus Christ! Read what he said on the subject and warns of and we neglect this due to human mind being offended instead of rejoicing inthe good new of Christ saving us from such living death.
2 Samuel 14:14:
Yet God does not take away life NASB
This reveals the principle of God character: God is a God of the living — not the dead as Luke 20:38 uncovers and Ecclesiastes 3:11 solidifies as well as Ecclesiastes 3:14 confirms.
God does not take away life; yet, he can slay mortal life (flesh) in order to bring one into judgment -- 1 Samuel 2:6.
Since we live on in that shade / spiritual state, life is not taken away. Why — because the Gifts and callings of God are without repentance is another principle that is established here as well.
There is no such thing as annihilationism or soul sleep as these violate God's character and even dares him to deny himself to do so by promoting a 'mercy killing' which would be the ultimate form of Murder and note this: God is a God of the living not the dead and the devil is a what from the beginning - a murderer Jesus reveals. God is not a murderer desiring to have one cease to exist so he desires all to be saved yet knowing not all will. God, cannot deny himself for to deny himself would mean God ceases to to be God in existence. Yes, He could annihilate into non-being but he will not as that is not in his nature and character to do. That is a good thing. Trust me now, that is a very-very-very good thing! God is that Holy...
2 Samuel 14:14,
but plans ways so that the banished one will not be cast out from him NASB
God plans ways so that the banished one (a sinner) will not be cast out from him, implies what Romans 5:8, 9, 10, 11 teaches. What Jesus himself taught John 3:15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 - Jesus is the fulfillment of that plan and the only way a person will not be banished away from God. If one does not enter by God's plan (the gospel) they are banished away forever from the Lord. There is a reason for this... a profound reason.
The words of this wise woman in 2 Samuel 14:2 sets forth the principle that God does not take away life (human spiritual being) but through sin mortal death comes, so does God's judgement. We in similar fashion as Absalom are tested in this life for the seeds of insurrection, yet, a turning back to God for pardon and His cleansing will restore us but so many refuse this and go ahead with living in the pride of life's insurrection instead. Jesus paid that price to escape judgment and find new life.
I posted the evidence that God does not annihilate into non-being which brings forth Jesus’ warning about avoiding Hell at all cost. If one knows they will be annihilated at some future point, then they can justify a who cares attitude to do as they so please – after all, feel nothing, seeing nothing, be nothing is a sort of peace. On the other hand – eternal recompense demonstrates there is no form of escape which conveys Jesus dire warnings on hell very well.
Yes, I know folks have a difficult time grasping this and Christian forms of annihilationism can help appease one’s conscience in this matter. If that is you, from me, that is okay: I do not brow beat you for believing in it as you are my family in Christ Jesus and we’ll share heaven together. So go in peace and know where at least I stand on this matter, respecting that, as I respect yours.
Blessing to you form…
B. W. Melvin
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