Creation of information

[PaulSacramento]

The information is there, coded into the data. The coding is the same as in a FM radio where FM stands for frequency modulation. The brilliance of the star is modulated as a sinusoidal wave of brilliance variance and also by the number of photons.

There is information in the data. If you have an observer close to the star it can extract the information from the data as well as an observer 100 000 thousand years later can do on the Earth using the same data. Do you mean that you can get information from the data close to the star and then 100 000 years later from the same data but that the information doesn't exist during the time between? That assumes a strange definition of information.
https://www.diffen.com/difference/Data_vs_Information that you referred to before says:
"When data is processed, organized, structured or presented in a given context so as to make it useful, it is called information. " That doesn't mean that there is no information in the data, it only means that it has to be extracted.
Nils

How did it get "coded" into the "data"?

By some physical process that I don't know.
Nils

Process?
1.
a series of actions or steps taken in order to achieve a particular end.

Rather (2): a continuing natural or biological activity or function
(https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/process)
Nils

Function eh?
How does it function?