I still don't understand what you mean. Go ahead apply it to science.August wrote:This all started with me asking:and your answer here was:What is science? What demarcates science from non-science, and why?and elsewhere:Let's go over the scientific method again.Science is the knowledge derived through experimentation, observation, and study.For you to claim now that you somehow distinguished between the scientific method and the definition of science is a cop-out. I asked for a definition and you gave it. All I asked is that we then apply your definition to science as an overall discipline.It's the body of knowledge accumulated by the application of the method.
You tell me, do you think that their conclusion came from observation first and then lead to the development of personal forcasting, OR do you think that the beleif in forcasting came first and the application of the method followed?August wrote:Anyhow, if the method is not the defnition of science, then what is it?
Did you read the link? They claim to all of those things.As I stated you can apply the scientific method, but is the body of knowledge a result of experimentation? Did the discovery of the ability to forcast events come from experimentation? I doubt it.
I don't understand what you mean here, in the real world there is a standard of observation, it's the human condition we share the same sences. If I conduct and experiment and you repeat it, producing the same results one would have to think that these results can be expected.August wrote:Repeated experimentation has nothing to do with what you said. If you cannot rely on your general powers of observation, then how do you know that the repeated experiments are giving a reliable result, or is the result just the same illusion? You have just moved the problem, not gotten rid of it.By having others repeat the experiment. Be realistic no scientist has such levels of skepticism.
It is a test of the theory used to make the prediction, no? Applying the theory to new observations is the definition of testing.August wrote:Wrong. Testing of a hypothesis can take many forms. For example the fishpod found recently fit into a predicted time period with predicted features. Pottery found in an archaelogical dig can be used to verify the time period of a find through comparative analysis and carbonn dating.
The theory being tested here is that potery of a certain kind was created during a specific period. Carbon dating verifies or disproves this theory.
Is fitting something into a prediction experimentation?
Any theory is subject to new observations, yes.August wrote:And dating is experimentation that fully confirms the theory? Just want to be sure.
We cannot attribute as the cause something which we have never observed, can we? What are you trying to say here?August wrote:So you are saying that we can see observable results from unobservable causes?
Incorrect the large particle colliders in existence today are an attempt to reproduce the conditions of the early universe, thus enabling us to test the latest theories in physics. The theory is on particle behaviour and how it explains the big bang, not on the big bang itself.August wrote:Right, but that is not all that rare. The big bang or the emergence of life, or the cambrian explosion are rare or one-time events where we cannot compare to regular occurring phenomena, and we cannot experimentally repeat since the conditions at the time are unknown or do not exist any more.We can compare events, and we can see paterns of development which still do occur today. Like an observation of a supernovae can be used to create a theory for lifecycle of a star. Give me an example of a theory I cannot experimentally confirm.
The evidence for the big bang is in the background radiation.
In the case of the Cambrium explosion the various body plans which exist then can be seen in todays lifeforms. This opens up the question of whether they are related to modern fauna. Thus leading to the development of mechanisms for change which have lead to the current theory of the evolution of life. It is an observation not a confirrmation of the theory.
Yes, of course but then we must go on and test these hypothesis.August wrote:That is why we compare to what we do know, and arrive at hypothesis and theories through (gasp) both inductive and abductive inference.
Yes but that is a conclusion based on observations made in the past. For instance a Doctor can say that certain symptoms lead to such and such diagnosis, only due to the collection of knowledge from the past.August wrote:I did not ignore anything, it was just not relevant to the point. I don't know what you are misunderstanding here. If you arrive at several possible explanations, one of those explanations are likely to best explain the observation. Arriving at that best explanation for the specific case is called abductive reasoning, and the result is an abductive inference.You ignored the rest of my post, such inferences cannot be considerd as an observation until tested. For example the strata can be dated using index fossils, but this will not be a reliable test until it is shown that this is a reliable method. For instance using argon/argon testing at other sites to verify the date.
So using argon/argon tests to date a rock formation is induction? Sure lets argue, I apply a general rule to a specific case, and this gives me a specific answer.August wrote:Uh, no. That would be induction. Let's argue.Then it is no longer abductive but deductive as a series of observations lead to a general rule. Then in turn this general rule is applied to a specific case.
Induction - The process of deriving general principles from particular facts or instances.
http://www.dictionary.com
That's called formulating a hypothesis. It can be abduction.August wrote:How many feasible possible scientific explanations do you have for that scenario? How about a medical condition, where there can be several possible explanations, and you have to arrive at the best possible explanation for a specific condition? What is that called?So when I determine that the ball fell from the roof due to gravity this is abductive inference? I don't agree at all.
Then we test the hypothesis by applying the prescribed treatment, and seeing if there are any improvements.